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CeraWiki:Languages

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According to our Criteria for inclusion, Wiktionary is intended to include all words in all languages.

Languages may be differentiated through their names, or by codes formed by a few letters.

See Wiktionary:Dialects and Wiktionary:Families for discussions of dialects and of language families, respectively.

Indice

Language codesEditar sección

Language codes are found in topical categories, language-exclusive templates, etymologies, among other pages. There are also situations where language names are used instead.

Each language code is stored in a different template, the name being the code itself. When the template is called, the result is the language name, which may or not be automatically linked to the related Wiktionary entry. For example, when called, the template {{vot}} returns Plantilla:Vot. All language code templates are at Category:Language templates. The space of three letter templates is reserved, with a few exceptions, for language code templates as they do change through time. .

Code assignmentEditar sección

  • Wiktionary language codes come primarily from ISO 639-1, a series of two-letter codes which covers 136 major languages. For other languages, we use ISO 639-3, a series of three-letter codes which grew out of the Ethnologue codes and covers thousands of languages. When, according to our criteria for inclusion, a language is constructed and merits to be defined only in appendices, its template is prefixed with conl:. When a language is a reconstructed ancestor of all languages of a family, its template is prefixed with proto:.
    Examples:
    en is stored at {{en}} and represents English.
    fa is stored at {{fa}} and represents Persian.
    ang is stored at {{ang}} and represents Old English.
    cmn is stored at {{cmn}} and represents cmn.
    sjn is stored at {{conl:sjn}} and represents conl:sjn.
    gem=pro is stored at {{proto:gem-pro}} and represents proto:gem-pro.
  • An exceptional language code may simply come from ISO 639-2, from deprecated ISO 639-1, from deprecated ISO 639-3 or from the Wikimedia language codes.
    Examples:
    cbk-zam is stored at {{cbk-zam}} and represents Zamboanga Chavacano.
    mo is stored at {{mo}} and represents Moldavian.
    nah is stored at {{nah}} and represents Nahuatl.
    nds-nl is stored at {{nds-nl}} and represents Dutch Low Saxon.
    sh is stored at {{sh}} and represents Serbo-Croatian.
  • Otherwise, the exceptional language code must start with a related ISO 639-5 code. Then, it must be followed by - (an ordinary hyphen) and an extension formed by a few lower case letters. (Therefore, no digits, upper case letters, etc; IANA tags allow these, case independent, but Mediawiki software is more restrictive.)
    Examples:
    cpe-spp is stored at {{cpe-spp}} and represents cpe-spp.
    roa-gal is stored at {{roa-gal}} and represents roa-gal.
    zls-mon is stored at {{zls-mon}} and represents zls-mon.
  • Any specific code derived from community consensus and not directly from ISO, is an exceptional code.
    Examples:
    zh is stored at {{zh}} and represents Chinese (not Chinese, due to consensus).
    zhx-zho is stored at {{zhx-zho}} and represents zhx-zho.

Finding the code for a languageEditar sección

If you don't know the code for a language, you can look it up at Wiktionary:Index to templates/languages. That page lists all possible language codes used on Wiktionary, along with their names. The page is very long, however, and it may be very slow to load on less powerful computers. It is also not possible to automate it in this way using templates.

For that reason the template {{langrev}} can be used instead. It takes one parameter, which is the name of the language, and it returns the code if there is one, or nothing if it can't find any code for that language. So, for example, {{langrev|English}} becomes en, which is the language code for English. To use it, you can either include it on a page and preview or submit it (preferably in the Sandbox), or you can go to Special:ExpandTemplates and type it in there.

Language namesEditar sección

Language names are found in entry translations, lexical categories, appendices, rhymes, among other pages. There are also situations where language codes are used instead.

  • All language names should be defined as English words in their respective Wiktionary entries.
  • Each language is consistently referred by only one name, to be used in translations, etymologies and elsewhere. When there are two or more possible names, one of them is chosen.
  • The name is chosen by consensus. Common guidelines are to avoid abbreviations, the words "Modern" and "Standard", diacritics and parentheses when possible.
  • Multiple names of languages should also eventually be listed in the sections synonyms or alternative forms at each entry.
  • Language names from language codes may be linked, to become easier to find information about these languages as Wiktionary entries. Most of them are linked by default, except for those listed at Wiktionary:Translations/Wikification.

List of languagesEditar sección

List of languages with exceptional codesEditar sección

Name Wikipedia article Wiktionary code Comments
 !Kung Wikipedia:!Kung language khi-kun
  •  !Kung may be considered a group of dialects or related languages.
Ammonite Wikipedia:Ammonite language sem-amm
Banyumasan Wikipedia:Banyumasan language map-bms
Bunurong Wikipedia:Bunurong language aus-bun
Chinese Wikipedia:Chinese language zhx-zho
  • The code zh is ISO 639-1 for Chinese, though recognized as Mandarin due to consensus.
Darkinjung Wikipedia:Darkinjung language aus-dar
Dutch Low Saxon Wikipedia:Dutch Low Saxon nds-nl
  • Wikimedia uses the code nds-nl for Dutch Low Saxon language projects.
Gabi Wikipedia:Pama-Nyungan languages#Classification and Languages aus-gab
Gallo Wikipedia:Gallo language roa-gal
  • Gallo may be considered a dialect of French or an individual language.
Gaulish Wikipedia:Gaulish language cel-gau
Greenlandic Eskimo Pidgin Wikipedia:Indigenous languages of the Americas#Pidgins, mixed languages and trade languages crp-gep
Guernésiais Wikipedia:Guernésiais roa-grn
  • Guernésiais may be considered a dialect of Norman, a dialect of French or an individual language.
Gunai Wikipedia:Gunai language aus-gun
  • Gunai may be considered a group of dialects or related languages.
Gutnish Wikipedia:Modern Gutnish gmq-gut
  • Gutnish is the modern version of Old Gutnish.
Jèrriais Wikipedia:Jèrriais roa-jer
  • Jèrriais may be considered a dialect of Norman, a dialect of French or an individual language.
Leonese Wikipedia:Leonese language roa-leo
Mandarin Wikipedia:Mandarin Chinese zh
  • There is the ISO 639-1 code cmn for Mandarin.
  • The code cmn should be used always; zh is merely an alternative to be avoided.
  • The code zh is ISO 639-1 for Chinese, though recognized as Mandarin due to consensus.
Maroon Spirit Language Wikipedia:Jamaican Maroon Spirit Possession Language cpe-mar
Middle Chinese Wikipedia:Middle Chinese zhx-mid
Middle Norwegian Wikipedia:Norwegian language#From Old Norse to distinct Scandinavian languages gmq-mno
Mingo Wikipedia:Mingo iro-min
Moldavian Wikipedia:Moldovan language mo
  • Moldavian may be considered a dialect of Romanian or an individual language.
  • The ISO 639-1 code mo and the ISO 639-3 code mol for Moldavian are no longer active.
Montenegrin Wikipedia:Montenegrin language zls-mon
  • Montenegrin may be considered a dialect of Serbian, a dialect of Serbo-Croatian or an individual language.
  • Montenegrin is currently in the process of being standardized, has an official orthography, and a request for its own ISO code has been submitted.
Nahuatl Wikipedia:Nahuatl nah
  • Nahuatl may be considered a group of dialects or related languages.
  • There is the ISO 639-2 or ISO 639-5 code nah for Nahuatl.
  • Wikimedia uses the code nah for Nahuatl language projects.
  • The result of a RFDO discussion [1] was to keep the language category.
Norfuk Wikipedia:Norfuk language cpe-nor
  • Norfuk and Pitkern may be considered related languages or a single language.
Norman [Wikipedia:Norman language]] roa-nor
  • Norman may be considered a dialect of French or an individual language.
  • Wikimedia uses the code nrm for Norman language projects, but the ISO 639-3 code nrm is assigned to Narom language instead.
Old Danish Wikipedia:Old Danish gmq-oda
Old Novgorod dialect [Wikipedia:Old Novgorod dialect]] zle-nov
Old Polish Wikipedia:Old Polish language zlw-opl
Old Portuguese Wikipedia:Galician Portuguese roa-ptg
Old Swedish Wikipedia:Swedish language#Old Swedish gmq-osw
Phuthi Wikipedia:Phuthi language bnt-phu
Picuris Wikipedia:Picuris language nai-pic
Pitkern w:Pitkern cpe-pit
  • Norfuk and Pitkern may be considered related languages or a single language.
Pomeranian Wikipedia:Pomeranian language zlw-pom
Russenorsk Wikipedia:Russenorsk crp-rsn
Samoan Plantation Pidgin Wikipedia:Samoan Plantation Pidgin cpe-spp
Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia:Serbo-Croatian language sh
  • Serbo-Croatian may be considered a group of languages (Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian; Montenegrin may also be included) or an individual language.
  • The ISO 639-1 code sh for Serbo-Croatian is no longer active.
  • There is the ISO 639-3 code hbs for Serbo-Croatian.
  • Wikimedia uses the code sh for Serbo-Croatian language projects.
Slovincian Wikipedia:Slovincian zlw-slv
  • Slovincian may be considered a dialect of Kashubian, a dialect of Pomeranian, a dialect of Polish or an individual language.
Sydney Wikipedia:Sydney language aus-syd
Syrian Arabic Wikipedia:Syrian Arabic sem-syr
Taimyr Pidgin Russian crp-tpr
Tarantino Wikipedia:Tarantino language roa-tar
Wemba-Wemba Wikipedia:Wemba-Wemba aus-wem
Woiwurrung Wikipedia:Woiwurrung language aus-wwg
Zamboanga Chavacano Wikipedia:Chavacano language#Zamboangueño cbk-zam
  • Wikimedia uses the code cbk-zam for Zamboanga Chavacano language projects.

List of appendix-only constructed languagesEditar sección

Name Wikipedia article Wiktionary code Comments
A Programming Language Wikipedia:APL (programming language) art-apl
C Wikipedia:C (programming language) art-ccc
Eloi language Wikipedia:Eloi language art-elo
Hyper Text Markup Language Wikipedia:HTML art-html
Klingon Wikipedia:Klingon language tlh
Láadan Wikipedia:Láadan ldn
Lapine Wikipedia:Lapine language art-lap
Mandalorian Wikipedia:Mandalorian#Language art-man
Mundolinco Wikipedia:Mundolinco art-mun
Na'vi Wikipedia:Na'vi language art-nav
Neo Wikipedia:Neo (constructed language) art-neo
Quenya Wikipedia:Quenya qya
Sindarin Wikipedia:Sindarin sjn
Toki Pona Wikipedia:Toki Pona art-top

List of languages with multiple namesEditar sección

Plantilla:Listnames-top |- || ab || Plantilla:Ab || Plantilla:Ab/names ||

|- || adj || Plantilla:Adj || Plantilla:Adj/names ||

|- || ak || Plantilla:Ak || Plantilla:Ak/names ||

|- || ang || Plantilla:Ang || Plantilla:Ang/names ||

|- || arr || Plantilla:Arr || Plantilla:Arr/names ||

|- || art-apl || Plantilla:Conl:art-apl || Plantilla:Conl:art-apl/names ||

|- || art-html || Plantilla:Conl:art-html || Plantilla:Conl:art-html/names ||

|- || ase || Plantilla:Ase || Plantilla:Ase/names ||

|- || asf || Plantilla:Asf || Plantilla:Asf/names ||

|- || aue || Plantilla:Aue || Plantilla:Aue/names ||

|- || aum || Plantilla:Aum || Plantilla:Aum/names ||

|- || aus-gun || Plantilla:Aus-gun || Plantilla:Aus-gun/names ||

|- || aus-syd || Plantilla:Aus-syd || Plantilla:Aus-syd/names ||

|- || aus-wem || Plantilla:Aus-wem || Plantilla:Aus-wem/names ||

|- || aus-wwg || Plantilla:Aus-wwg || Plantilla:Aus-wwg/names ||

|- || av || Plantilla:Av || Plantilla:Av/names ||

|- || axb || Plantilla:Axb || Plantilla:Axb/names ||

|- || az

||
Azərbaycanca:

|| Plantilla:Az/names ||

|- || bal || Plantilla:Bal || Plantilla:Bal/names ||

|- || bau || Plantilla:Bau || Plantilla:Bau/names ||

|- || bcn || Plantilla:Bcn || Plantilla:Bcn/names ||

|- || bdh || Plantilla:Bdh || Plantilla:Bdh/names ||

|- || bey || Plantilla:Bey || Plantilla:Bey/names ||

|- || bfi || Plantilla:Bfi || Plantilla:Bfi/names ||

|- || bkc || Plantilla:Bkc || Plantilla:Bkc/names ||

|- || bkp || Plantilla:Bkp || Plantilla:Bkp/names ||

|- || bm || Plantilla:Bm || Plantilla:Bm/names ||

|- || bmy || Plantilla:Bmy || Plantilla:Bmy/names ||

|- || bua || Plantilla:Bua || Plantilla:Bua/names ||

|- || bzs || Plantilla:Bzs || Plantilla:Bzs/names ||

|- || bzj || Plantilla:Bzj || Plantilla:Bzj/names ||

|- || ca

||
Català:

|| Plantilla:Ca/names ||

|- || car || Plantilla:Car || Plantilla:Car/names ||

|- || ciw || Plantilla:Ciw || Plantilla:Ciw/names ||

|- || cmn || Plantilla:Cmn || Plantilla:Cmn/names ||

|- || cpe-mar || Plantilla:Cpe-mar || Plantilla:Cpe-mar/names ||

|- || cpe-nor || Plantilla:Cpe-nor || Plantilla:Cpe-nor/names ||

|- || cpe-pit || Plantilla:Cpe-pit || Plantilla:Cpe-pit/names ||

|- || den || Plantilla:Den || Plantilla:Den/names ||

|- || dlm || Plantilla:Dlm || Plantilla:Dlm/names ||

|- || dsb || Plantilla:Dsb || Plantilla:Dsb/names ||

|- || dv || Plantilla:Dv || Plantilla:Dv/names ||

|- || ekl || Plantilla:Ekl || Plantilla:Ekl/names ||

|- || el

||
Ελληνικά:

|| Plantilla:El/names ||

|- || en

||
English:

|| Plantilla:En/names ||

|- || enm || Plantilla:Enm || Plantilla:Enm/names ||

|- || eu

||
Euskara:

|| Plantilla:Eu/names ||

|- || fa || Plantilla:Fa || Plantilla:Fa/names ||

|- || fan || Plantilla:Fan || Plantilla:Fan/names ||

|- || fr

||
Français :

|| Plantilla:Fr/names ||

|- || frp || Plantilla:Frp || Plantilla:Frp/names ||

|- || fy

||
Frysk:

|| Plantilla:Fy/names ||

|- || ga || Plantilla:Ga || Plantilla:Ga/names ||

|- || gd || Plantilla:Gd || Plantilla:Gd/names ||

|- || gez || Plantilla:Gez || Plantilla:Gez/names ||

|- || gsw || Plantilla:Gsw || Plantilla:Gsw/names ||

|- || gul || Plantilla:Gul || Plantilla:Gul/names ||

|- || gv || Plantilla:Gv || Plantilla:Gv/names ||

|- || ho || Plantilla:Ho || Plantilla:Ho/names ||

|- || hsb || Plantilla:Hsb || Plantilla:Hsb/names ||

|- || ht || Plantilla:Ht || Plantilla:Ht/names ||

|- || hub || Plantilla:Hub || Plantilla:Hub/names ||

|- || hvc || Plantilla:Hvc || Plantilla:Hvc/names ||

|- || hwc || Plantilla:Hwc || Plantilla:Hwc/names ||

|- || hy || Plantilla:Hy || Plantilla:Hy/names ||

|- || ik || Plantilla:Ik || Plantilla:Ik/names ||

|- || ja

||
日本語:

|| Plantilla:Ja/names ||

|- || jam || Plantilla:Jam || Plantilla:Jam/names ||

|- || kbc || Plantilla:Kbc || Plantilla:Kbc/names ||

|- || kcn || Plantilla:Kcn || Plantilla:Kcn/names ||

|- || kcu || Plantilla:Kcu || Plantilla:Kcu/names ||

|- || kda || Plantilla:Kda || Plantilla:Kda/names ||

|- || kea || Plantilla:Kea || Plantilla:Kea/names ||

|- || kg || Plantilla:Kg || Plantilla:Kg/names ||

|- || khi-kun || Plantilla:Khi-kun || Plantilla:Khi-kun/names ||

|- || kj || Plantilla:Kj || Plantilla:Kj/names ||

|- || kl || Plantilla:Kl || Plantilla:Kl/names ||

|- || km

||
ភាសាខ្មែរ:

|| Plantilla:Km/names ||

|- || kmb || Plantilla:Kmb || Plantilla:Kmb/names ||

|- || ko

||
한국어:

|| Plantilla:Ko/names ||

|- || ky || Plantilla:Ky || Plantilla:Ky/names ||

|- || lad || Plantilla:Lad || Plantilla:Lad/names ||

|- || lg || Plantilla:Lg || Plantilla:Lg/names ||

|- || li || Plantilla:Li || Plantilla:Li/names ||

|- || lkt || Plantilla:Lkt || Plantilla:Lkt/names ||

|- || mec || Plantilla:Mec || Plantilla:Mec/names ||

|- || meu || Plantilla:Meu || Plantilla:Meu/names ||

|- || mnk || Plantilla:Mnk || Plantilla:Mnk/names ||

|- || mo || Plantilla:Mo || Plantilla:Mo/names ||

|- || moc || Plantilla:Moc || Plantilla:Moc/names ||

|- || mgs || Plantilla:Mgs || Plantilla:Mgs/names ||

|- || mjh || Plantilla:Mjh || Plantilla:Mjh/names ||

|- || mrh || Plantilla:Mrh || Plantilla:Mrh/names ||

|- || mwe || Plantilla:Mwe || Plantilla:Mwe/names ||

|- || my || Plantilla:My || Plantilla:My/names ||

|- || mzn || Plantilla:Mzn || Plantilla:Mzn/names ||

|- || na || Plantilla:Na || Plantilla:Na/names ||

|- || nb || Plantilla:Nb || Plantilla:Nb/names ||

|- || nds

||
Plattdüütsch:

|| Plantilla:Nds/names ||

|- || nn || Plantilla:Nn || Plantilla:Nn/names ||

|- || ny || Plantilla:Ny || Plantilla:Ny/names ||

|- || nyr || Plantilla:Nyr || Plantilla:Nyr/names ||

|- || nys || Plantilla:Nys || Plantilla:Nys/names ||

|- || ood || Plantilla:Ood || Plantilla:Ood/names ||

|- || os || Plantilla:Os || Plantilla:Os/names ||

|- || ota || Plantilla:Ota || Plantilla:Ota/names ||

|- || pa || Plantilla:Pa || Plantilla:Pa/names ||

|- || pap || Plantilla:Pap || Plantilla:Pap/names ||

|- || pis || Plantilla:Pis || Plantilla:Pis/names ||

|- || pit || Plantilla:Pit || Plantilla:Pit/names ||

|- || plg || Plantilla:Plg || Plantilla:Plg/names ||

|- || pot || Plantilla:Pot || Plantilla:Pot/names ||

|- || pro || Plantilla:Pro || Plantilla:Pro/names ||

|- || pt

||
Português:

|| Plantilla:Pt/names ||

|- || pua || Plantilla:Pua || Plantilla:Pua/names ||

|- || rap || Plantilla:Rap || Plantilla:Rap/names ||

|- || ro

||
Română:

|| Plantilla:Ro/names ||

|- || roa-grn || Plantilla:Roa-grn || Plantilla:Roa-grn/names ||

|- || roa-jer || Plantilla:Roa-jer || Plantilla:Roa-jer/names ||

|- || roa-ptg || Plantilla:Roa-ptg || Plantilla:Roa-ptg/names ||

|- || rop || Plantilla:Rop || Plantilla:Rop/names ||

|- || sco || Plantilla:Sco || Plantilla:Sco/names ||

|- || sh || Plantilla:Sh || Plantilla:Sh/names ||

|- || si || Plantilla:Si || Plantilla:Si/names ||

|- || sl

||
Slovenščina:

|| Plantilla:Sl/names ||

|- || snq || Plantilla:Snq || Plantilla:Snq/names ||

|- || spp || Plantilla:Spp || Plantilla:Spp/names ||

|- || sqt || Plantilla:Sqt || Plantilla:Sqt/names ||

|- || srs || Plantilla:Srs || Plantilla:Srs/names ||

|- || ss || Plantilla:Ss || Plantilla:Ss/names ||

|- || st || Plantilla:St || Plantilla:St/names ||

|- || sth || Plantilla:Sth || Plantilla:Sth/names ||

|- || tcs || Plantilla:Tcs || Plantilla:Tcs/names ||

|- || tg || Plantilla:Tg || Plantilla:Tg/names ||

|- || tmh || Plantilla:Tmh || Plantilla:Tmh/names ||

|- || tn || {[[Template:{{{1}}}|{{{{1}}}}]]} || Plantilla:Tn/names ||

|- || tnq || Plantilla:Tnq || Plantilla:Tnq/names ||

|- || tob || Plantilla:Tob || Plantilla:Tob/names ||

|- || tog || Plantilla:Tog || Plantilla:Tog/names ||

|- || toi || Plantilla:Toi || Plantilla:Toi/names ||

|- || tpi || Plantilla:Tpi || Plantilla:Tpi/names ||

|- || tsz || Plantilla:Tsz || Plantilla:Tsz/names ||

|- || ug || Plantilla:Ug || Plantilla:Ug/names ||

|- || uln || Plantilla:Uln || Plantilla:Uln/names ||

|- || umb || Plantilla:Umb || Plantilla:Umb/names ||

|- || vai || Plantilla:Vai || Plantilla:Vai/names ||

|- || waq || Plantilla:Waq || Plantilla:Waq/names ||

|- || xaa || Plantilla:Xaa || Plantilla:Xaa/names ||

|- || xcl || Plantilla:Xcl || Plantilla:Xcl/names ||

|- || yue || Plantilla:Yue || Plantilla:Yue/names ||

|- || yun || Plantilla:Yun || Plantilla:Yun/names ||

Plantilla:Listnames-bottom

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